What tests are needed for hepatic osteodystrophy?

What tests are needed for hepatic osteodystrophy?

1. Laboratory examination shows that almost all patients with rickets and osteomalacia have increased ALP. Most patients have decreased serum phosphorus, which is often below 0.65mmol/L, and the normal level is 0.74~1.2mmol/L. The serum calcium level is slightly reduced, and some patients have obvious malabsorption. ALP can be normal, but there may be obvious hypocalcemia. Due to hypophosphatemia and hypocalcemia, the calcium-phosphorus product is reduced. D deficiency, plasma 25-OH-D3. Low value. Aminoaciduria may be an amino acid disorder in renal tubular transfer. Urinary calcium excretion is significantly reduced or even zero. Impairment of renal tubular reabsorption will increase urinary phosphorus excretion.

2. Diagnosis of chronic hepatic osteodystrophy and history of malnutrition, including bone disease, myalgia, muscle weakness, bone deformity, pseudofracture and hypocalcemia; X-ray examination: mainly long bone epiphyseal expansion, incomplete calcification, osteoporosis, sternopelvic deformity, biconcave spinal deformity, pseudofracture, etc.; biochemical examination: hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia, AIP increased urine calcium and urine phosphorus, or amino aciduria.

3. Hepatic osteodystrophy X-ray examination shows fibrous cystic osteitis and/or osteomalacia. Fibrous osteitis can be absorbed under the periosteum, a few have bone cysts, many cases have focal bone sclerosis, and the vertebral body is sclerotic in a band-like manner. Serum calcium is normal or slightly low, hypophosphatemia or hyperphosphatemia, blood sodium is reduced, and hypokalemia is occasionally present.