Neurological examination of poliomyelitis

Polio is a common disease and an acute infectious disease. In order to actively treat polio, we must first understand the examination methods for polio. Diagnosing the disease through examination will help find better treatments. So what are the neurological examination methods for polio? Let us take a detailed look at it below.

1. Cerebrospinal fluid: Most of them are abnormal before paralysis. The appearance is slightly turbid, the pressure is slightly increased, the number of cells is slightly increased (25-500/mm3), neutrophils are more in the early stage, and mononuclear cells are mainly in the later stage. After the fever subsides, it quickly returns to normal. Sugar may increase slightly, chloride is mostly normal, protein increases slightly, and lasts for a long time. In a few patients, the cerebrospinal fluid can always be normal.

2. Peripheral blood picture: Most white blood cells are normal, but may increase in the early stage and secondary infection, mainly neutrophils, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate increases in the acute stage

3. Virus isolation or antigen detection: within 1 week of onset, the virus can be isolated from the nasopharynx and feces. The feces can remain positive for 2 to 3 weeks. Early isolation of the virus from blood or cerebrospinal fluid is more significant. Tissue culture isolation is generally used. In recent years, PCR has been used to detect enterovirus RNA faster than tissue culture.

4. Serological examination: The titer of type-specific immune antibodies can reach a peak at the end of the first week, especially the specific IgM which rises faster than IgG. Neutralization test, complement fixation test and enzyme labeling can be used to detect specific antibodies. Among them, neutralization test is more commonly used because its positive period lasts longer. A 4-fold or more increase in the titer of two sera can be confirmed. The complement fixation test turns negative quickly. If it is negative as expected and the neutralization test is positive, it often indicates a past infection; if both are positive, it indicates a recent infection. Recently, the use of immunofluorescence technology to detect antigens and specific IgM monoclonal antibody enzyme labeling method has contributed to early diagnosis.

We have introduced the neurological examination methods for polio above. Do parents understand? To determine whether a child is infected with polio, stool samples need to be drawn for testing. The reason is that the virus can appear in human excrement for two to three weeks, so it is easier to isolate the virus by drawing samples from the stool.