What are the various diagnostic methods for Kawasaki disease?

Many children have weak constitutions, so they are prone to some diseases, including Kawasaki disease. The symptoms of this disease are very similar to those of a cold, so parents and friends are reminded to pay attention to it in life. We need to understand the various diagnostic methods of Kawasaki disease so that we can easily deal with the occurrence of the disease. Let us learn about it together.

To determine whether you have Kawasaki disease, you need to look at the following six aspects:

1. Continuous fever for more than 5 days, accounting for 94% to 100% of all patients. The fever is mostly above 38 degrees or even 40 degrees. Compared with upper respiratory tract infection, Kawasaki disease patients are generally in poor condition at the beginning of the disease, with poor appetite and poor spirits. Most of them are more serious when they are onset.

2. Conjunctival congestion in both eyes, accounting for 86% to 90% of all patients. Conjunctival congestion in both eyes, but no eye secretions.

3. Manifestations of the lips and oral cavity: red, swollen and moist lips, diffuse redness of the oral mucosa, chapped lips, and bayberry tongue.

4. Swollen lymph nodes in the neck: This symptom has the lowest frequency among all the main symptoms. The incidence rate in children under two years old can be as low as 50%. Many children under two years old do not have swollen lymph nodes in the neck.

5. Polymorphic rash: The rash is polymorphic, without blisters or crusts. The erythema may fade gradually or form larger spots, like a map. Another key to early diagnosis is the appearance of a prominent erythema at the BCG vaccination site at the same time as the fever, before the appearance of rashes in other parts of the body.

6. Changes in the extremities: In the acute phase, erythema appears on the palms and soles of the feet in 87%-95% of cases, and hard swelling in about 75%. In the recovery phase, the fingers and toes begin to peel off in patches, which appear one after another with other main symptoms. The palms and soles of the feet are red and swollen, and hard and swollen like frostbite. On the 10th to 15th day of the onset, the fingers and toes begin to peel off in patches.

The diagnosis of Kawasaki disease is relatively simple, as long as 5 out of 6 symptoms are present, the diagnosis can be made. If only 4 out of 6 symptoms are present, but coronary artery aneurysm (or arterial enlargement) is confirmed by echocardiography or cardiovascular angiography, the diagnosis can be confirmed on the basis of excluding other diseases.