What are the characteristics of influenza in children? How to prevent influenza in children?

How to tell whether a baby has a common cold or flu? Generally speaking, we should pay attention to the different ages of babies, and the symptoms of flu may be slightly different. Let's take a look at the characteristics of children's flu.

What are the characteristics of influenza in children?

1. Incubation period: from a few hours to 1 to 2 days.

2. Clinical symptoms: The clinical symptoms of influenza in children often have their own characteristics due to different ages. The symptoms of elderly children are similar to those of adults, mostly manifested as common cold, acute, high fever, cold, headache, back pain, pain, back pain, limb pain, fatigue, etc. Soon, there will be sore throat, dry cough, runny nose, conjunctival congestion, tearing, local lymphadenopathy, abdominal pain, diarrhea, abdominal distension and other digestive tract manifestations. The clinical manifestations of infants and young children are similar to other respiratory viral infections and are difficult to distinguish. Inflammation includes the upper respiratory tract, throat, trachea, bronchi, capillaries and lungs, and the condition is serious.

According to Japanese scholars, during the influenza epidemic, one-quarter of lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized children were confirmed to be caused by influenza viruses, which was several times the number caused by respiratory syncytial virus or adenovirus during the same period. Children often have high fevers, accompanied by systemic poisoning symptoms and runny noses, often accompanied by vomiting, diarrhea, etc., occasionally with rashes and nosebleeds, body temperature fluctuates between 38 and 41 degrees Celsius, and there are high fever convulsions. Infants have larynx, trachea, and bronchitis accompanied by thick sputum and even airway obstruction. Neonatal patients often have drowsiness, refusal to eat, and apnea, and even require artificial respirator treatment.

The clinical manifestations of influenza B are similar to those of influenza A, but more common symptoms are nasal, eye symptoms and muscle pain caused by acute benign myositis, mainly in the lower limbs, especially pain in the calf gastrocnemius, while systemic poisoning such as dizziness and fatigue is milder. Influenza C is mainly manifested as a mild upper respiratory tract infection. Uncomplicated influenza fever generally lasts for 3 to 4 days, and systemic poisoning symptoms are alleviated after the fever, but dry cough and physical weakness can last for 1 to 2 weeks.

3. Blood picture: The total number of peripheral white blood cells decreases, averaging about 4×109/L, the number of neutrophils decreases significantly, the number of lymphocytes increases relatively, and the number of large monocytes may also increase. This special blood picture is very obvious a few days before the onset of the disease and usually lasts for 10 to 15 days. In complicated pneumonia, the total number of white blood cells may drop significantly, as low as 1 to 2×109/L. Medical Education and Education Network collects and organizes the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is generally normal, and the condensation test is mostly negative.

Flu in children is preventable and controllable. Let's look at how to prevent it:

1. Keep indoor air circulating and avoid gathering places during the peak of the epidemic.

2. Use a tissue when coughing or sneezing to avoid the spread of droplets.

Wash your hands frequently and thoroughly, and avoid touching your mouth, eyes, and nose with dirty hands.

4. If you experience flu symptoms during an epidemic, seek medical attention promptly, reduce contact with others, and rest at home as much as possible.

5. Influenza patients should be isolated from their respiratory tract for 1 week or until the main symptoms disappear. The patient's electrical appliances and secretions should be thoroughly disinfected.

6. Strengthen outdoor sports and improve disease resistance.

The weather in autumn and winter is changeable, so pay attention to adding or removing clothes.

8. The key to this disease is prevention. At present, hospitals are equipped with inactivated influenza vaccines all year round, and generally a vaccination is given before the annual epidemic season. Children over 6 years old, adults and the elderly can be vaccinated. In addition, anti-influenza products suitable for personal and family use have both therapeutic and preventive effects.