What is the current status of Kawasaki disease care?

More and more friends often suffer from many diseases because they do not pay attention to their health problems. If no measures are taken to deal with it, it will easily have a great impact on the patient's health. Take Kawasaki disease as an example. Below I will introduce to you the current situation of Kawasaki disease care. I hope it will be helpful to everyone.

Cardiovascular care

Kawasaki disease mainly affects the cardiovascular system. The child's complexion and mental state should be closely observed, heart rate should be measured and heart sounds should be listened to regularly, and electrocardiogram, cardiac B-ultrasound, echocardiogram and blood myocardial enzyme tests should be performed regularly. When the myocardium is damaged, the child should be advised to stay in bed and rest. The infusion rate should be strictly controlled, and an infusion pump should be used when necessary.

Skin and mucous membrane care

The child develops a rash 1-3 days after fever, which manifests as scarlet fever-like rash, maculopapular rash or erythema multiforme-like rash, which is more common on the trunk. Pay attention to the disappearance and progression of the rash, keep the skin clean, wash the buttocks with warm water every day, and apply tannic acid ointment. Cut nails frequently to prevent scratches. When desquamation occurs, warn parents not to tear it artificially to damage the integrity of the skin. Let the skin fall off on its own. Wear cotton underwear, keep the bed clean, dry, flat, and free of debris. Apply disinfectant paraffin oil to chapped lips. For older children, give 1%-2% sodium bicarbonate solution or saline to rinse the mouth, and give oral care to those who cannot cooperate.

Nursing care for drug treatment

Children with Kawasaki disease have thrombocytosis and a hypercoagulable state of blood. Platelets are easy to coagulate and form thrombi. Aspirin and other drugs can prevent Kawasaki disease from complicated with myocardial infarction. For those with coronary artery dilatation, aspirin should be extended. Generally, the recovery time of coronary artery lesions is 2-5 months. Aspirin should be taken after meals to reduce gastrointestinal irritation. If vomiting occurs, the dosage should be accurately estimated and re-taken to ensure sufficient medication. Observe for nausea, vomiting, dizziness, tinnitus, skin and gum bleeding, black stools, rash, etc. Regularly check blood routine and pay attention to platelet changes. Gamma globulin (abbreviated as G) should be used in sufficient amounts early to reduce the occurrence of coronary artery lesions. Gamma globulin is a blood product that is easily contaminated. In the process of preparing for infusion, it is necessary to strictly abide by aseptic technical operations, prepare it now, and frequently patrol the ward during infusion to observe the child's reaction. If there is any abnormality, stop the drip immediately, and give phenergan, dexamethasone and other treatments as prescribed by the doctor. Infuse slowly after the symptoms are relieved. Too fast an infusion rate can easily induce heart failure. The infusion rate should be strictly controlled and controlled with an infusion pump if necessary.