What are the treatment stages for protein-energy malnutrition? What are the principles of nutritional treatment?

Speaking of protein-energy malnutrition, we may not have heard much about this disease in our lives. Now let us introduce you to the information about protein-energy malnutrition in detail, and we will focus on explaining the treatment stages of protein-energy malnutrition. I hope it will be helpful to you.

The treatment of protein-energy malnutrition is divided into two stages: emergency stage and recovery stage.

1. Emergency treatment

(1) Principles of nutritional therapy:

① The protein and energy supply should be higher than the normal requirement. Start with 1g/(kg?d) of protein and 336-420kJ/(kg?d) of energy, and then gradually increase to 3-4g/(kg?d) and 504-672kJ/(kg?d) of energy.

② Replenish fluids, especially in case of dehydration and high fever, to maintain normal urine excretion.

③ Inorganic salt supplementation should be low in sodium, sufficient in potassium [6-8 mmol/(kg?d)] and magnesium (1 ml of 50% magnesium sulfate injected intramuscularly within 12-24 hours) to adjust electrolyte and acid-base balance.

④ Supplement sufficient multivitamins, paying special attention to the supply of vitamin A and vitamin C.

⑤ The diet should start with a small amount, and gradually increase the amount after you get used to it. It is better to eat small meals frequently.

⑥ Depending on the patient's specific situation, liquid, semi-liquid, or soft rice can be used. It is best to supply it orally, and parenteral nutrition therapy can be adopted when necessary.

(2) Control infection: When protein-energy malnutrition occurs, various infections are very likely to occur. Antimicrobial drugs should be selected according to different infections.

(3) Anti-heart failure treatment: Edema-type malnutrition is often accompanied by heart failure, which can be treated with diuretics, oxygen inhalation, anti-heart failure treatment and other supportive therapies.

2. Treatment during the recovery period is mainly nutritional therapy, providing a reasonable and comprehensive diet to meet the needs of the body during the recovery period, supplemented by diet therapy in traditional Chinese medicine. At the same time, appropriate exercise is recommended to enhance cardiopulmonary function and immune capacity.

The above information is our relevant information about protein-energy malnutrition. I believe that you will understand it after reading it carefully. In life, we should pay more attention to diet and develop good and healthy living habits. I hope you and your family and friends are healthy and happy!