What is polio caused by the disease?

Polio is caused by damage to the motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, which is usually related to infection with the polio virus. It mainly affects the central nervous system and manifests as muscle weakness and paralysis, and in severe cases, it can even threaten life. The following will explain the cause analysis and countermeasures.

1. Viral infection is the main cause

The main cause of polio is infection with the polio virus. The virus is transmitted through contaminated water, food, and close contact between people. Once it enters the human body, it will invade the intestines and enter the blood, and then attack the motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, causing partial or complete paralysis. The location and degree of damage to the central nervous system determine the severity of the symptoms, and children with low immunity are more susceptible to infection. The main preventive measure is to vaccinate against polio, which is currently the most effective way to control polio.

2. Environmental factors increase the risk of infection

Poor sanitation, failure to ensure safe drinking water and food, and insufficient vaccination coverage for young children all increase the risk of contracting polio. In terms of prevention, it is important to emphasize keeping homes and public places clean, such as drinking clean water. Strengthening basic immunization for children is critical.

3. Autoimmunity affects the course of the disease

The individual's immune response after infection will also affect the progression of the disease. Some children with weaker immunity may not have obvious symptoms in the early stages, but the virus's attack on the nerves will gradually worsen. Once fever, limb weakness, or symptoms similar to a severe cold occur, they need to be closely monitored and see a doctor as soon as possible to check for viral infection.

4. Treatment of complications and rehabilitation methods

The treatment of polio is mainly supportive treatment to help patients relieve symptoms and prevent the disease from worsening. For example, in the acute phase, respiratory support and infection control such as the use of antiviral drugs such as adenosine can be performed; the following methods are recommended for later rehabilitation treatment:

Physical therapy: such as muscle stimulation training, joint movement training, to prevent disuse muscle atrophy.

Orthotics: Orthotics can be used to improve movement disorders in cases of limb deformity caused by nerve damage.

Surgical intervention: Severe bone deformities may require surgical correction to restore limb function.

Vaccination and improved environmental hygiene are the best means of preventing polio. Once infection is suspected, it is necessary to contact a professional doctor for diagnosis and necessary supportive treatment. Regular follow-up and rehabilitation training can gradually improve the quality of life and help children return to normal life.