Which pregnant women are prone to malnutrition symptoms? These four types of pregnant mothers are most likely to suffer from malnutrition

Studies have shown that pregnant women with unbalanced nutrition are more susceptible to high incidence of diseases during pregnancy, which can also cause fetal growth and development disorders and are closely related to the occurrence of some diseases in adulthood.

Nutrition in early life affects adult health

Zhang Ju, director of the Nutrition Department of the Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, told reporters that according to the DOHaD theory (developmental origin of health and disease) of international medicine, pregnant women with unbalanced nutrition during pregnancy are prone to high incidence of diseases during pregnancy, which will also cause fetal growth and development disorders and are closely related to the occurrence of some diseases in adulthood. Chen Hong, director of the obstetrics department of Chengdu Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, also said that most people now have some knowledge of nutrition, but the DOHaD theory has further discoveries. The theory believes that if the fetus does not absorb enough nutrients from the mother's body, then its somatic cells will develop the habit of "saving these nutrients", which is difficult to change even after adulthood, so the child has a high chance of obesity in adulthood. In addition, there are many diseases that are the result of this "bad" habit of the fetus. For example, in order to meet the first need of the brain, the blood that originally flowed to other organs of the body, including the heart, will be supplemented to the brain. Insufficient blood flow to the heart makes the blood vessels unable to be effectively exercised at the beginning of formation, so that the blood vessel walls are relatively fragile and prone to cardiovascular diseases in adulthood.

4 types of pregnant mothers are most likely to suffer from nutritional deficiencies

Zhang Ju said that lack of nutritional knowledge is one of the reasons for insufficient nutrition intake among pregnant women. Generally, the following types of pregnant women are prone to insufficient nutrition intake.

For a good figure, diet:

"Look at Xiao S and Kelly Chen, they are still in great shape after giving birth. I don't want to lose my shape after giving birth and become a bloated middle-aged woman." Ms. Zhang is a white-collar worker. She is worried that excessive weight gain after pregnancy will affect her body recovery after giving birth, so she tries to diet as much as possible, basically avoids meat, and even eats very little fish and shrimp. She usually eats mainly vegetables and fruits. When she was 22 weeks pregnant and received a pregnancy checkup, she found that the fetus in her abdomen was obviously small, only equivalent to a 19-week fetus.

"Dieting during pregnancy will cause insufficient intake of protein and fat, and lack of trace elements such as zinc and calcium," said Zhang Ju. Pregnant women need a lot of nutrients during pregnancy to supply the growth and development of the fetus. Dieting will cause the baby to have certain congenital developmental defects due to insufficient nutrition intake during the development process.

Severe morning sickness causes loss of nutrition:

"Pregnant women with severe vomiting during pregnancy can easily lead to nutritional deficiencies." Zhang Ju revealed that although not all pregnant women will experience morning sickness, it is a headache for many pregnant women. Once morning sickness occurs, pregnant women often have trouble sleeping and eating, especially when they cannot eat or their appetite changes, leading to nutritional deficiencies. "Some pregnant women have particularly strong morning sickness reactions and are completely unable to eat. They can only rely on infusions to supplement their nutrition." Zhang Ju suggested that pregnant women can drink some light salt water to prevent low sodium caused by vomiting, and increase their food intake when morning sickness reactions are mild to meet nutritional needs. Eat more iron-rich foods, such as chicken, duck, pig heart and liver, red dates, raisins, etc. To relieve the symptoms of morning sickness, you can eat some citrus, bayberry and other fruits, which increase stomach acid, promote gastrointestinal motility and increase appetite, and help digestion and absorption of food.

Excessive diet leads to malnutrition:

At noon, she had just finished a big pot of black-bone chicken soup cooked by her husband, and at dinner, her mother brought a huge bowl of crucian carp milk soup. Since she became pregnant, Xiaolin often heard words like "You should eat more" and "Don't starve the baby". For this reason, her parents-in-law even wrote a long diet list for Xiaolin. According to this list, Xiaolin had to have five meals a day, mainly chicken soup, pig's trotters and other meats. In addition to the five meals, Xiaolin also had to supplement with a lot of fruits every day. But what surprised Xiaolin was that after a nutritional assessment, it was found that Xiaolin's diet exceeded the standard and there was also a problem of malnutrition.

"From a nutritional point of view, overnutrition is actually another form of malnutrition," Zhang Ju explained, "This is because many pregnant mothers now consume too much meat, fruit and other foods, accumulating a lot of sugar, fat and oil, but not enough vitamins, trace elements, etc., so they have overnutrition and malnutrition at the same time." In addition, some pregnant women basically replace regular meals with fruits, or eat snacks constantly and do not consume enough staple foods, which also have the same problem.

Pregnant women should not be picky eaters:

After pregnant, Chenchen's body shape changed significantly, and her round belly "grew" happily. But recently, when Chenchen, who was already 8 months pregnant, had a physical examination, she found that the baby was about 2 weeks smaller. "It was because I didn't like drinking milk and eating eggs before, thinking that the food I ate normally could provide enough nutrition." Zhang Ju mentioned that many pregnant women only eat according to their own preferences and ideas due to their previous eating habits or changes in taste during pregnancy, which ultimately affects the development of the fetus.

Learn nutrition monitoring during pregnancy

"We found that many mothers mentioned that they felt they didn't eat enough every day. But when we asked them to write down all the food they ate every day, including snacks, these mothers realized that they ate so much." Zhang Ju said that pregnant women did not eat enough, but the result was an unbalanced intake of nutrients. Zhang Ju suggested that pregnant mothers should eat small meals frequently and the diet should not be monotonous. They should eat as much coarse grains, soy products, cereals, vegetables and nutritious foods rich in unsaturated fatty acids as possible.

Since babies need different nutrients and calories at different stages, pregnant mothers should make reasonable nutrition plans and adjust their diets according to different stages of pregnancy. Zhang Ju said, "It is best to start monitoring pregnancy nutrition when you have pregnancy plans."