What causes neonatal jaundice?

What causes neonatal jaundice?

There are many causes of neonatal pathological jaundice, and there are often multiple causes at the same time. The most common one is excessive bilirubin production. Under normal circumstances, the main source of bilirubin in neonates is the destruction of aging red blood cells after a series of metabolism. In the neonatal period, due to various reasons, red blood cell damage increases and bilirubin is overproduced, resulting in increased bilirubin.

1. Isoimmune hemolytic Rh blood incompatibility, ABO blood incompatibility, and other blood type incompatibility.

2. Red blood cell enzyme deficiencies such as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase G-6-PD deficiency, etc.

3. Abnormal red blood cell morphology such as hereditary spherocytosis, hereditary ellipsoidocytosis, hereditary stomatocytosis, and infantile pyknotic erythrocytosis.

4.Hemoglobin disorders such as thalassemia.

5. Polycythemia vera, such as maternal-fetal placental disease, twin-twin transfusion, intrauterine growth retardation, and diabetic mothers and infants, can lead to an increase in erythrocytosis and increased damage.

6. Internal bleeding such as cephalohematoma, subcutaneous hematoma, intracranial hemorrhage, etc.

7. Bacterial and viral infections can cause hemolysis. Common intrauterine infections such as cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and parvovirus B19 can cause hemolysis. Bacterial infections such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli can cause severe infections such as sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis.