What are the polio tests?

Diseases like polio endanger the health of some children in our real life. Such diseases can easily leave some sequelae, so we must pay attention to active treatment of polio and try our best to avoid the occurrence of sequelae. So, what are the polio examination items? The following is a detailed introduction for everyone, I hope it will be helpful to everyone.

Poliomyelitis screening method:

(1) The measurement of gravity line can usually be done by using the supine tape measure method or the standing weight method. Continuous and repeated measurements can determine the trend of gravity line changes and the treatment effect.

(2) Muscle strength test: Checking the strength, range of motion, speed and endurance of continuous movement of a group of muscles when they actively contract is an important method to objectively understand the degree of disability and current function of paralyzed muscles. It is also an important basis for formulating reasonable surgical plans and examination results. During the examination, the patient can be asked to do resistance exercise. If the degree of paralysis is severe and the limbs are unable to move, active contraction test will be performed.

(3) Electromyography examination. Electromyography can qualitatively determine muscle function, which is helpful for differential diagnosis, observation of therapeutic efficacy and judgment of prognosis. The electromyography of sequelae of poliomyelitis is as follows: in the acute phase, it may be in a resting state. With the arrival of the recovery phase, action potentials may appear, which are often multi-phase potentials. This action potential can reflect the degree and range of muscle involvement. In addition, in differential diagnosis, it can distinguish between neuronal and extraspinal peripheral nerve damage. Because peripheral nerve damage always affects both the anterior and posterior branches, while neuronal damage only affects the muscles controlled by the anterior branch.

(4) Electroencephalogram

(5) Cerebrospinal fluid examination: abnormalities begin to appear in the early stages of paralysis, with cell counts between 0.05 and 0.5×109/l, and occasionally up to 1×109/l. Neutrophils increase in the early stages, and lymphocytes dominate later. Protein may be normal in the early stages, and then gradually increase. Chloride is normal, and sugar is normal or slightly increased. In the second week after paralysis occurs, the cell count decreases rapidly, while the protein level continues to increase, forming a protein-cell separation phenomenon.

(6) Serological examination: Specific antibodies can reach a peak at the end of the first week, especially when specific IgM rises quickly. Positive results can be used for early diagnosis. Neutralizing antibodies begin to appear at the onset of the disease, last for a long time, and can be maintained for life. A diagnosis can be made if the titer of the double serum increases by more than 4 times. Complement fixing antibodies last for a shorter period of time, an average of two years. This test is simple to operate, but has low specificity. A negative result during the recovery period can rule out the disease. If the complement fixing test is negative and the neutralization test is positive, it often indicates a previous infection. If both are positive, it indicates a recent infection.

The above mentioned polio examination items are introduced here. The incidence of diseases like polio is not very high, but once the disease occurs, it is difficult to cure and has a great impact on the health of children. Therefore, polio must be discovered in time, and timely inspection and treatment must be done.