Drugs for treating pneumonia in children

Nowadays, pediatric pneumonia seriously torments children's health and brings a heavy burden to families. The treatment of this disease is also extremely troublesome. So how should pediatric pneumonia be treated and used with medication? Then let's take a look at the detailed introduction of the experts, hoping to help everyone.

According to the patient's age, severity of the disease, previous medication history, and reference to drug sensitivity tests, select appropriate anti-infective drugs.

1. Choice of antibiotics

a. Gram-positive cocci infection of the lungs: For pneumococcal pneumonia, penicillin is still the first choice. Generally, a large dose of penicillin is used intravenously. For those who are allergic to penicillin, erythromycin is used instead. For staphylococcal pneumonia, first use enzyme-resistant (β-lactamase) drugs, such as new penicillin II, cephalosporin I or third-generation cephalosporin intravenously. The course of treatment is 3-6 weeks. If the drug is stopped too early, it is easy to relapse. Fluphenazine penicillin and metronidazole are effective for anaerobic pneumonia.

b. Gram-negative bacillus infection of the lungs can generally be treated with ampicillin or aminoglycoside antibiotics. Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia can be treated with Fudaxin, Junbizhi, etc.

c. Erythromycin is often used to treat mycoplasma pneumonia, and the appropriate course of treatment is 2 weeks.

d. For pneumonia with unclear bacteria, broad-spectrum antibiotics should be selected according to the condition, and combined with other drugs (one of which should be more gram-negative). Once the bacteria are identified, the corresponding sensitive antibiotics can be replaced as appropriate. For severe pneumonia, antibiotic treatment should be mainly intravenous injection or intravenous drip.

2. Application of antiviral drugs

Interferon: 100,000 U for children under 5 years old, 1/day intramuscular injection; 200,000 U for children over 5 years old, 1/day, intramuscular injection, 2-3 days as a course of treatment. Interferon nasal drops (10,000 U/ml, 1-2 drops per nostril, 15-30 times a time, 3-4 times/day after the fever subsides) and ultrasonic atomization inhalation are also used.

Ultrasonic nebulization of triazole ribavirin is the main route of administration. The dosage is: 10 mg for children under 2 years old, 20-30 mg for children over 2 years old, dissolved in 30 ml of distilled water and nebulized until it is completed, twice a day for 5-7 consecutive days. You can also use 0.5% solution as nasal drops every 1-2 hours.

Symptomatic treatment of pneumonia in children

Fever and sedation: Generally, physical cooling is used first, such as cold compress on the pillow and warm water bath. If the body temperature does not drop, medication can be given, APC 5-10mg/kg each time, and chlorpromazine and promethazine can be used for intravenous or intramuscular injection in individual cases to maintain the body humidity below 38℃. The child can then fall asleep peacefully. If there is convulsion, immediately give 10% chloral hydrate 60mg/kg enema each time. If it is ineffective, diazepam 0.3mg/kg/time intramuscular or intravenous injection can be used instead.