What tests are needed for neonatal jaundice

What tests are needed for neonatal jaundice?

When diagnosing this disease, detailed inquiries should be made into the pregnancy history, parity, delivery history, blood transfusion history, parents' blood type, infection history, medication history, family history, feeding methods, urine and stool color, etc.

1. Physical Examination

1. Jaundice degree: Newborns have high hemoglobin levels, thin skin, and red complexion, which often mask jaundice. Pressing the forehead, chest, abdomen, hands, and feet with your fingers will make it easier to observe the degree. Estimate the degree of jaundice based on the distribution of jaundice. Jaundice on the face and trunk is mainly physiological jaundice, such as yellow limbs, hands, and feet. Bilirubin>256.5μmol/L15mg/dl is pathological jaundice.

2. Jaundice color: Unconjugated bilirubin is mainly elevated, showing orange or golden yellow; conjugated bilirubin is mainly elevated, showing dark green or yellow.

3. Accompanying symptoms: Hemolytic jaundice is often accompanied by anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, petechiae, edema, and heart failure. Infectious jaundice is often accompanied by fever, symptoms and signs of poisoning. Obstructive jaundice is often accompanied by liver swelling, white stools, and yellow urine.

4. Bilirubin encephalopathy: severe jaundice, poor reaction, depression, anorexia, low muscle tension, easy stimulation, loud screaming, difficulty breathing, surprise or opisthotonos, increased muscle tension, etc.

5. Jaundice disappearance time: Breast milk jaundice can be delayed 3 times ~ Jaundice can only disappear within 12 weeks.

2. Auxiliary examination

1. Serum bilirubin measurement: It can determine whether there is jaundice and its severity. In most cases, the main bilirubin is elevated, and direct bilirubin is also accompanied by bile duct obstruction or hepatocyte damage.

2. The following examinations can help diagnose the cause:

①Hemoglobin, red blood cell morphology and reticulocyte count;

② Blood type and Coombs test;

③ Blood culture or other pathogenic examination;

④Liver function test.