What are the dangers of misusing antibiotics for children with diarrhea?

Diarrhea is a common disease in daily life. Children, adults and the elderly may have stomach upset. However, children with diarrhea should be taken seriously. However, do not use drugs indiscriminately. What are the dangers of abusing antibiotics for children with diarrhea? What will happen if children with diarrhea abuse antibiotics? Let's take a look.

1. Abuse of antibiotics for pediatric diarrhea

Pediatric diarrhea is one of the most common diseases in children. According to global data, up to 1.9 million children die from diarrhea and diarrhea complications each year. Pediatric diarrhea is a disease caused by multiple pathogens and multiple causes. It mainly refers to two indicators: one is the frequency of defecation; the other is the shape of the stool. Some babies may also have vomiting, abdominal distension, fever, irritability, poor spirits, etc. Go to the hospital for treatment in time.

In case of diarrhea, the following measures should be taken: replenish water as soon as possible; give the baby rich food to prevent malnutrition, follow the principle of small and frequent meals; take special care of the baby's small buttocks. Pay special attention to the cleanliness of the anus and female private parts, and change and wash them frequently; closely observe the development of the baby's condition. If there is no improvement, such as frequent large amounts of watery stools, vomiting, increased thirst, inability to eat and drink normally, less urine, fever, blood in the stool, etc., you need to take the baby to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment as soon as possible.

Pediatric diarrhea is a group of diseases caused by multiple factors. Infection is the main cause. The infectious pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc. There is currently no specific drug for viral infection, and symptomatic treatment is the main treatment. If it is confirmed to be a bacterial infection, anti-infection treatment is required, but the long-term use of antibacterial drugs, especially broad-spectrum antibiotics, will lead to intestinal flora disorders and make bacterial resistance more likely. In addition, antibacterial drugs will increase the burden on the liver and kidneys of children, and may even cause other complications.

Diarrhea in children is a common pediatric disease. Parents do not need to be nervous. They should pay attention to the following aspects in daily life: Food should be fresh and clean, do not eat spoiled food, and try not to eat leftovers; try to breastfeed during infancy, which is beneficial to the child's digestion and absorption function, immune function, and the normal establishment of intestinal flora; the diet should be balanced, and develop eating habits of not being picky, not biased, and eating on time.

2. How to treat diarrhea in children

1. Treatment of acute diarrhea

(1) Diet therapy: Breastfed children should continue breastfeeding and stop feeding complementary foods; bottle-fed children can be fed with an equal amount of rice soup or other milk substitutes, gradually transitioning from rice soup, porridge, noodles, etc. to a normal diet. Those with severe vomiting can temporarily fast for 4-6 hours (but not water), and continue feeding after recovery, starting with less and then increasing, and from thin to thick.

(2) Correct water, electrolyte and acid-base imbalance.

① Oral rehydration: For mild dehydration, the amount of oral rehydration is about 50-80ml/kg, and for moderate dehydration, it is about 80-100ml/kg. The accumulated loss will be replenished within 8-12 hours.

② Intravenous rehydration: Suitable for children with moderate or severe dehydration, severe vomiting and diarrhea, or abdominal distension.

(3) Drug treatment

①Infection control:

Patients with watery diarrhea (about 70%) are mostly caused by viruses and non-invasive bacteria, and can be treated with proecological preparations and mucosal protectants.

Patients with mucus, pus and blood in their stools (about 30%) mostly have invasive bacterial infections. Antimicrobial drugs should be selected empirically based on the clinical characteristics and pathogens, and then adjusted based on the results of stool bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests.

② Microecological therapy: Microecological preparations such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus acidophilus help restore the ecological balance of normal intestinal flora, inhibit the colonization and invasion of pathogens, and control diarrhea.

③Intestinal mucosal protective agents: can absorb pathogens and toxins and maintain the absorption and secretion functions of intestinal cells, such as montmorillonite powder.

2. Treatment of persistent and chronic diarrhea

(1) Actively identify the causes of prolonged disease progression and treat them accordingly. Avoid abusing antibiotics and avoid stubborn intestinal flora imbalance.

(2) Prevent and treat dehydration and correct electrolyte and acid-base disorders.

(3) Nutritional therapy: Children of this type often have nutritional disorders, and continued feeding is beneficial to promoting disease recovery and repairing intestinal mucosal damage.

(4) Drug treatment:

① Supplement trace elements and vitamins: such as zinc, iron, niacin, vitamin A, C and B vitamins, etc., which help repair the intestinal mucosa.

② Apply microecological regulators and intestinal mucosal protectants.