What causes Kawasaki disease in children?

Kawasaki disease in children is mainly caused by the combined effects of genetic susceptibility, environmental factors and immune abnormalities, and its specific cause has not yet been fully clarified. Studies have shown that genetic background plays an important role in the onset of the disease, while infectious pathogens, climate change and other environmental factors may also be the key to inducing the disease.

Genetic factors are an important pathogenic basis of Kawasaki disease, and the risk of disease in some families is significantly increased; certain gene polymorphisms (such as HLA-related genes) are also associated with disease susceptibility. Environmental factors such as sources of infection such as viruses and bacteria, especially respiratory viruses or streptococcal infections, may stimulate abnormal responses of the body's immune system and cause vascular inflammation. At the same time, seasonal peaks of disease (such as the transition from winter to spring) and air pollution are also believed to be related to certain external environmental stimuli. Among physiological factors, the immaturity of the child's own immune system may further aggravate immune disorders, and vascular endothelial damage is also one of the important mechanisms of disease development.

In order to reduce the risk of Kawasaki disease, we should pay attention to creating a healthy living environment for children and avoid long-term exposure to air pollution or areas rich in pathogens. If a child has a persistent high fever for more than 5 days, accompanied by rash, swollen lymph nodes or conjunctival congestion, the child should be taken to the hospital for treatment as soon as possible.