What are the treatment principles for patent ductus arteriosus in newborns?

The treatment principles for patent ductus arteriosus in newborns mainly include drug therapy, interventional therapy and surgical treatment. Drug therapy is usually the first choice, especially in premature infants less than 37 weeks, the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as indomethacin or ibuprofen can help close the patent ductus arteriosus. For cases where drug therapy is ineffective or the ductus arteriosus is too large or cardiopulmonary complications occur, interventional therapy and surgical treatment become necessary options.

Interventional therapy usually uses catheter technology to close the ductus arteriosus. It is used for infants with larger weight or premature infants with more stable conditions to reduce the risks of surgery. Specific methods include the use of spring embolic devices or occluders. Surgical treatment is mainly for patients who are ineffective with drugs and interventional treatment or have other heart malformations. The surgical method generally includes open chest ligation or thoracoscopic catheter closure. Care should be taken during surgery to prevent postoperative complications, such as phrenic nerve injury or recurrent laryngeal nerve injury.

Interventional therapy usually uses catheter technology to close the ductus arteriosus. It is used for infants with larger weight or premature infants with more stable conditions to reduce the risks of surgery. Specific methods include the use of spring embolic devices or occluders. Surgical treatment is mainly for patients who are ineffective with drugs and interventional treatment or have other heart malformations. The surgical method generally includes open chest ligation or thoracoscopic catheter closure. Care should be taken during surgery to prevent postoperative complications, such as phrenic nerve injury or recurrent laryngeal nerve injury.

Patent ductus arteriosus in newborns requires a rigorous selection of treatment options based on individual conditions. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and improve prognosis. Parents should fully understand the pros and cons of each treatment method before accepting the treatment plan, and follow the doctor's advice and conduct relevant examinations and follow-up on time. The above treatment measures should be performed by professional physicians in qualified medical institutions to ensure safety and effectiveness.