What is the common sense of polio care?

Polio is an infectious disease. Many children have shown symptoms of polio, which has seriously harmed their health and affected their development. The disease must be actively treated and cared for. So what is the common sense of polio care? The following is a detailed introduction for everyone.

1. Maintain normal vital signs: check body temperature and observe fever type. Rest in bed until the fever subsides and paralysis stops progressing. Arrange treatment and care properly to avoid unnecessary stimulation, such as injections, repeated physical examinations, etc., to prevent the occurrence of paralysis. Dexamethasone and vitamin C can be given to patients with severe conditions to alleviate the symptoms of poisoning and prevent the progression of paralysis. Closely observe breathing for abnormal phenomena such as sputum accumulation, weak cough, changes in respiratory rate and rhythm, cyanosis, and concavity of the upper abdomen during inspiration. Keep the airway open, turn over and pat the back to promote sputum discharge, or raise the foot of the bed and lie on the side for postural drainage. Instruct the child to cough and expectorate, or use a suction device to clear respiratory secretions, breathe oxygen, and use endotracheal intubation, tracheotomy, artificial respiration, etc. when necessary. Give antibiotics to prevent and treat lung infections, and use respiratory stimulants to treat central respiratory failure.

2. Pain relief: Maintain the functional position of joints. Before limb paralysis occurs, there is often paresthesia, and the affected muscles are obviously painful. Hot compress can be used to improve muscle pain and spasm. Apply a hot cotton pad that has been wrung out of water to the affected area, cover it with a plastic sheet, add a towel to keep it warm, or use a hot water bottle around it to maintain the temperature (to prevent scalding). Do this 2 to 4 times a day, 20 to 30 minutes each time. Pay attention to monitoring muscle tremors, muscle spasms, and muscle tension. Give aspirin and indomethacin for pain relief. Prednisone can also be used to reduce nerve cell edema or add sedatives. For paralyzed limbs, avoid stimulation and pressure. The bed should be flat but not too soft (a wooden board can be placed under the mattress). The quilt should be light and warm. A support can be used to maintain the functional position of the affected limb to prevent foot drop or foot eversion. Use vitamin B1, B12, C and energy mixture. Improve nerve metabolism. After paralysis stops progressing, use galantamine and dibazole to promote nerve conduction. And start active or passive functional exercises of the limbs and acupuncture and physiotherapy in time. Promote maximum recovery of nerve function and prevent muscle contracture and deformity.

3. Daily life care: Pay attention to dietary care. Give nutritious liquid or semi-liquid food during fever, and switch to normal food after the fever subsides. Feed patiently. For those with dysphagia and choking after eating, use back patting and postural drainage to prevent suffocation. For severe cases, nasogastric feeding should be replaced once a week. Nutrition can also be supplied intravenously. Take good oral care. When the swallowing function is restored, try to feed a small amount of boiled water first, and then slowly increase the amount and type of food to train the child's swallowing function. Take good skin care. Children with sweating and long-term bed rest must keep their skin clean, change their positions regularly, and move gently to avoid aggravating pain. Apply 50% ethanol to massage the pressure area and bony protrusions twice a day to improve local blood circulation. If necessary, use an air ring or sponge pad to prevent bedsores and aspiration pneumonia. Observe the child's urination and defecation. If there is urine retention, compress the bladder regularly to assist urination. Clean up the discharged urine and feces in time and keep the buttocks clean and dry.

After clearly understanding the above knowledge, everyone has realized what the common sense of polio care is. The occurrence of this disease brings great harm to children's physical health, so we must learn more about polio. Children need early treatment after showing symptoms of this disease.