Polio vaccination

Polio is an acute infectious disease caused by the polio virus. The first thing patients will think of is what the polio vaccination includes. The virus is mainly transmitted through the digestive tract. Contaminated food, supplies, clothing and toys can all spread the disease. The focus of polio prevention is to eliminate the polio virus, and vaccination is the main way to eliminate the virus.

1. Inactivated vaccines (IPV)

Its advantages are safety and it is generally used for people with immunodeficiency and their family members. It can also be used for people receiving immunosuppressant treatment. Its disadvantages are that it is relatively expensive, the immunity is maintained for a short time, and repeated injections are required, and the intestine cannot produce local immunity.

2. Live attenuated vaccines (OPV)

The advantages are that it is easy to use, the vaccinee can produce long-term immunity, and can also produce specific antibodies sIgA in the intestines, so that the contacts can also obtain immune effects; because it is a live virus, it can cause paralysis when used in immunocompromised people or those receiving immunosuppressant treatment.

3. “Sugar pill” vaccine

The attenuated live polio vaccine made in my country is commonly known as "sugar pills". There are three types of monovalent sugar pills and mixed multivalent sugar pills (a mixture of types I, II and III). Mixed multivalent sugar pills are currently widely used. Generally, the first immunization starts at 2 months of age, and the interval between doses is 4 to 6 weeks. Take 3 doses in a row, and take them within 1 year of age. Boost immunization once at the age of 4 years. Do not drink overheated water or beverages within 2 hours after taking sugar pills, and do not feed milk to avoid affecting the effect.

Through the above understanding of polio vaccination, we know that children must get polio vaccination to ensure that polio does not occur again. Here we would like to remind everyone that if you have polio, you should go to the hospital for treatment in time and do not delay your child's illness.