There are several ways to check for Hirschsprung's disease

The examination methods of congenital megacolon mainly include imaging examination, pathological examination and functional examination, which can help to clarify the scope and diagnosis of the disease. Specific methods include barium enema, rectal biopsy and rectal pressure measurement.

1. Barium enema

Barium enema is a commonly used imaging examination. By injecting barium-containing liquid into the rectum and then taking X-rays, doctors can clearly observe whether the intestinal morphology and function are abnormal. For patients with congenital megacolon, this examination can usually find the location of intestinal lesions, which are manifested as narrowing of the intestinal lumen and enlargement above the narrowed segment. Barium enema has low allergenicity, but it is necessary to pay attention to the operating specifications to avoid complications such as intestinal perforation.

2. Rectal biopsy

Rectal biopsy is the "gold standard" for the definitive diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease. By collecting samples of rectal wall tissue and undergoing histological examination, it can be observed whether the ganglion cells develop normally; if there are no ganglion cells, the disease is usually confirmed. There are many types of rectal biopsies, such as suction rectal mucosal biopsy and full-thickness biopsy. The type of biopsy helps doctors choose the appropriate examination method based on the patient's age and condition.

3. Rectal manometry

Rectal manometry is a functional test that evaluates nerve reflex function by analyzing the internal rectal pressure and its relationship with the anus. Patients usually accept a micro gas balloon placed in the rectum to detect pressure changes to understand the state of the anal sphincter and intestinal nerve function, providing additional basis for a clear diagnosis.

For patients who cannot be fully diagnosed by the above methods, further confirmation may be required using laparoscopy or other auxiliary examination methods. Before the examination, you need to adjust your diet or medication according to the doctor's advice to ensure a smooth examination process.

There are various examination methods for Hirschsprung's disease, each with its own focus. Choosing the appropriate method should be based on the patient's age, disease progression, and clinical symptoms. Communicating with the doctor as soon as possible to develop a treatment plan based on the examination results is the key to solving the problem.