Causes of recurrent neonatal jaundice

The cause of recurrent neonatal jaundice may be related to abnormal bilirubin metabolism, infection, breastfeeding and other factors. Treatment should be based on the specific cause, including phototherapy, drug therapy or feeding adjustment. Bilirubin is the main component of jaundice. The liver function of newborns is not fully developed, which can easily lead to bilirubin accumulation. Infections such as sepsis or urinary tract infections can also aggravate jaundice. Breastfeeding-related jaundice is divided into early-onset and late-onset. The early-onset is related to insufficient breast milk intake, while the late-onset is related to certain components in breast milk that affect bilirubin metabolism.

1. Abnormal bilirubin metabolism: The liver function of newborns is immature, and bilirubin cannot be effectively metabolized, resulting in its accumulation in the blood. Phototherapy is a commonly used treatment method, which converts bilirubin into water-soluble substances through light of a specific wavelength, making it easier to excrete. In severe cases, drug treatment, such as phenobarbital, can be used to promote liver enzyme activity and accelerate bilirubin metabolism.

2. Infection: Newborns have weak immune systems and are susceptible to bacterial or viral infections, such as sepsis and urinary tract infections, which can aggravate jaundice. Treatment requires the use of antibiotics or antiviral drugs targeted at the source of infection, combined with phototherapy to reduce bilirubin levels.

3. Breastfeeding-related jaundice: Early-onset jaundice is related to insufficient breast milk intake, which leads to reduced bilirubin excretion. It is recommended to increase the feeding frequency to ensure that the newborn consumes enough breast milk. Late-onset jaundice is related to certain components in breast milk, such as β-glucuronidase, that affect bilirubin metabolism. Breastfeeding can be suspended for 2-3 days to observe whether the jaundice is relieved.

If newborns have recurring jaundice, they need to seek medical attention promptly. Doctors will develop personalized treatment plans based on the specific causes to ensure the healthy development of the newborn. Parents should closely observe the skin color, mental state and feeding conditions of the newborn, and seek medical attention promptly if any abnormalities are found to avoid delaying treatment.