Items to be checked for children with mumps

Children with mumps need to be checked for items. There are many patients with mumps, and many family members are not particularly familiar with its examination methods. What are the examination items for mumps? For this question, we asked relevant experts to make a detailed introduction, hoping that it will be helpful to patients.

1. Peripheral blood count

White blood cell counts are mostly normal or slightly increased, with a relatively increased number of lymphocytes. When complications occur, white blood cell counts may increase, occasionally with leukemoid reactions.

2. Serum and urine amylase determination

Ninety percent of patients have mild or moderate increases in serum amylase, which helps with diagnosis. The degree of increase in amylase is often proportional to the degree of parotid swelling. However, its increase may also be related to lesions of the pancreatic and small intestinal serous glands.

3. Serological examination

(1) Neutralizing antibody test: Low titers such as 1:2 indicate current infection. In recent years, the gel hemolysis test has been used, which is basically the same as the neutralization test and is simpler and faster than the neutralizing antibody test, but the method still needs further improvement.

(2) Complement fixation test: It has auxiliary diagnostic value for suspected cases. If the titer of two serum samples (early stage and 2-3 weeks of the disease) increases by more than 4 times, or the titer of one serum sample reaches 1:64, it has diagnostic significance. If conditions permit, it is advisable to measure S antibody and V antibody at the same time. An increase in S antibody indicates a recent infection, while an increase in V antibody but no increase in S antibody only indicates a previous infection.

(3) Hemagglutination inhibition test: The amniotic fluid and allantoic fluid of chicken embryos infected with the virus can cause the chicken's red blood cells to agglutinate. The convalescent serum of mumps patients has a strong inhibitory effect on agglutination, while the inhibitory effect of early serum is weaker. If the titer of two measurements differs by more than 4 times, it is considered positive.

4. Virus Isolation

In early cases, mumps virus can be isolated from saliva, urine, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, brain, thyroid and other tissues. The procedures are complicated and there are currently no conditions for widespread implementation.

5. Urinalysis

When the kidneys are affected, proteinuria, red and white blood cells, etc. may appear in the urine, and even changes in the urine similar to nephritis may occur.

6. Electrocardiogram

When combined with myocarditis, the electrocardiogram shows: arrhythmia, flat T waves, and depressed ST segment.