Conventional treatment of diarrhea in children

Although pediatric diarrhea is a common disease in life, if it is not treated in time, it may lead to serious water and electrolyte disorders, which may endanger the child's life. Therefore, once parents find that their children have diarrhea, timely treatment is the key. So how to treat pediatric diarrhea? The following is a detailed introduction.

The principles of diarrhea treatment are: adjust diet, prevent and correct dehydration, use medications rationally, strengthen nursing care, and prevent complications. The focus of diarrhea treatment at different stages is different. Acute diarrhea should pay more attention to maintaining water and electrolyte balance and anti-infection; prolonged and chronic diarrhea should pay attention to intestinal flora imbalance and dietary therapy.

(1) Determine the condition and degree of dehydration, provide monitoring and blood gas and electrolyte tests.

(2) Correction of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance

Principles of fluid replacement: concentrated fluid first, then diluted fluid; salt fluid first, then sugar fluid; fast fluid first, then slow fluid; give potassium when urine is seen.

Determine the amount, nature and speed of fluid replacement for cumulative loss. Mild and moderate dehydration can be rehydrated orally, and moderate to severe dehydration or severe vomiting should be rehydrated intravenously. Mild dehydration is about 50ml/kg, moderate dehydration is 50-100ml/kg, and severe dehydration is 100-120ml/kg. For isotonic dehydration, 1/2 a sodium-containing solution can be used, for hypotonic dehydration, 2/3 a sodium-containing solution can be used, and for hypertonic dehydration, 1/5 a sodium-containing solution can be used. Cumulative losses should be corrected in about 8 hours.

While rehydrating, attention should be paid to correcting metabolic acidosis and electrolyte disorders, especially hypokalemia. Potassium should be supplemented in time if there is urine or if there is urine 6 hours before coming to the hospital. The concentration should not exceed 0.3%. The daily intravenous potassium supplementation time should not be less than 8 hours. Do not inject potassium salts intravenously, otherwise it will lead to hyperkalemia and endanger life.

The above is the treatment principle for pediatric diarrhea. Mild diarrhea can sometimes be relieved by dietary adjustment, while severe diarrhea, such as hair loss, requires timely fluid rehydration treatment. For pediatric diarrhea, generally, as long as it is treated properly, it can have a good effect. The key is to treat it in time and treat the symptoms.