What causes neonatal jaundice?

Neonatal jaundice is mainly caused by abnormal bilirubin metabolism, and treatment includes phototherapy, drug therapy, and breastfeeding adjustments. Bilirubin is a product of red blood cell decomposition. The liver function of newborns is immature and cannot effectively process bilirubin, causing it to accumulate in the blood, manifesting as yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes.

1. Excessive bilirubin production: Newborn red blood cells have a short life span and break down quickly, producing a large amount of bilirubin. Premature infants and infants with hemolytic disease are more likely to experience this. Monitor bilirubin levels and perform phototherapy or exchange transfusion if necessary.

2. Immature liver function: The ability of the newborn liver to process bilirubin is limited, especially in premature infants. To promote the maturation of liver function, breastfeeding and appropriate vitamin K supplementation can be used to support it.

3. Breast milk jaundice: Some breastfed newborns may develop jaundice, which is related to certain components in breast milk. Stop breastfeeding for 24-48 hours to observe whether the jaundice is relieved, and resume breastfeeding if necessary.

4. Infection or metabolic disease: Neonatal infection or certain metabolic diseases may also cause jaundice. See a doctor promptly for relevant examinations and treatment, such as antibiotics to treat infections or special diet adjustments for metabolic diseases.

Neonatal jaundice requires appropriate treatment measures based on the specific cause, timely monitoring of bilirubin levels, and phototherapy or blood transfusion therapy when necessary to ensure the healthy development of the newborn.