What are the tests for mumps?

The incidence of mumps is increasing year by year. In addition to genetic factors, most of the reasons are due to incorrect living habits. On the one hand, people do not pay attention to keeping warm, on the other hand, they have irregular diets, and there are also the stimulating effects of tobacco, alcohol, and spicy food. So what tests are needed to diagnose mumps?

1. Endoscopic examination

Endoscopic ulcers can be divided into three stages: ① Active stage: The base of the ulcer is covered with thick white or yellow-white fur, and the surrounding mucosa is congested and edematous (A1), or the surrounding mucosal congestion and edema begin to subside, and a red halo formed by the regenerated epithelium appears around it (A2). ② Healing stage: The ulcer shrinks and becomes shallower, the fur becomes thinner, the red halo formed by the regenerated epithelium around it surrounds the ulcer, and the mucosal folds are concentrated towards the ulcer (H1), or the ulcer surface is almost covered by the regenerated epithelium, and the mucosal folds are more concentrated towards the ulcer (H2). ③ Scar stage: The white fur at the base of the ulcer disappears, and a red scar appears (S1), and finally turns into a white scar (S2).

2. X-ray barium meal examination

Direct signs such as niche shadows and concentrated mucosal folds can be seen. Indirect signs such as simple spasm and irritation can also be seen. Features of imaging examinations:

(1) Niche shadow is a direct sign of peptic ulcer. In the tangential view, the niche shadow protrudes from the contour of the stomach wall and is papillary or semicircular; in the frontal view, the niche shadow is round or oval with smooth and neat edges.

(2) At the tangential position of the mucosal lines around the niche, a transparent thin line of 1 to 2 mm is shown at the junction of the niche and the stomach, which can be seen at the upper or lower edge of the niche, or the entire edge of the niche.

(3) “Narrow neck sign”: At the tangential position, there is a section 0.5 to 1 cm narrower than the diameter of the niche at the junction of the niche opening and the gastric cavity, which is called the “narrow neck sign”.

(4) “Necklace sign”: There is a smooth-edged, thin linear area of ​​reduced density at the mouth of the niche, like a necklace worn around the neck.

(5) The “halo sign” around the niche is seen in the positive position. There are translucent bands of inconsistent width around the niche with smooth edges.

(6) The mucosal folds are gathered and distributed radially with the niche as the center, and their periphery gradually becomes thinner and disappears, which is another sign of chronic ulcer.

(7) Other X-ray signs of mumps: ① Finger-like notch on the greater curvature of the stomach; ② Shortening of the lesser curvature of the stomach; ③ Widening of the angular notch of the stomach; ④ Stenosis of the pyloric duct and fluid retention in the stomach.

Mumps can be easily confused with other stomach diseases, so to confirm mumps, you need to go to a regular hospital for a more systematic examination. At the same time, you also need to pay attention to prevention in your daily life, especially for people with stomach problems. You must pay attention to nourishing and protecting your stomach, and strengthen physical exercise to improve your immunity and avoid mumps.