Answers to questions about the contents of mid-term examination for children with kidney disease

Children are a group that is prone to kidney disease, so their parents are very concerned about the contents of the mid-term examination of children's kidney disease and how to minimize its harm. Patients should discover and treat the disease in time, maintain an optimistic attitude, and do some health exercises appropriately, so that the disease can be cured early.

1. When diagnosing kidney disease in children, some examinations should be performed. The main examination methods are as follows:

2. To prevent and treat infection, midstream urine culture, chest and abdominal X-rays, blood culture, etc. are required.

3. To make a clear diagnosis, first check urine routine, plasma protein, serum electrophoresis and blood cholesterol.

4. If necessary, perform renal B-ultrasound, renal imaging, and intravenous pyelography to understand renal function.

5. To differentiate simple nephrotic syndrome from nephritic nephrotic syndrome, it is necessary to check urine routine, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, blood urea nitrogen, blood creatinine, serum C3, urine C3, liver function and hepatitis B virus markers.

6. Diagnostic basis for kidney disease in children

Hypercholesterolemia: Plasma cholesterol is often >5.7mmol/L (220mg/dl).

The whole body is swollen and pitting.

Heavy proteinuria or 24-hour urine protein exceeding 0.1 g/kg for more than 2 weeks.

Hypoproteinemia: The total plasma protein is lower than normal, with albumin being more significantly reduced, often <30 g/L. However, κ2 and β globulins are relatively elevated.

7. Serum cholesterol

Most of them are significantly increased, and other lipids such as triglycerides, phospholipids, etc. can also be increased. Because lipids increase serum, it can appear milky white.

The above three pediatric primary nephrotic syndrome examinations can help children diagnose their condition, so that doctors can carry out systematic and symptomatic treatment, making the treatment more timely and effective.